The Treaty of Quillén (1641)

The Treaty of Quillén, signed on 6 January 1641, marked a rapprochement between the Spanish colonial authorities and the Mapuche. This treaty is considered a successful model of diplomacy and negotiation in the 17th century.

Important points of the Treaty of Quillén:

End of hostilities: The treaty ended a long period of war between the Spanish and the Mapuche, bringing peace to the region.
Mapuche autonomy: He guaranteed the Mapuche a large degree of autonomy over their territories, recognizing their right to govern their lands according to their own laws and customs.
Respect for cultures: The treaty fostered mutual respect for cultures, allowing both parties to coexist while maintaining their distinct identities.
Diplomatic model: This treaty is often cited as an example of successful diplomacy, where dialogue and negotiation prevailed over military confrontation.

Treaty of Tapihue (1825)

The Treaty of Tapihue, signed on January 7, 1825, marks a significant moment of peace and cooperation between the Chilean authorities and the Mapuche people. This treaty has strengthened diplomatic relations and promoted peaceful coexistence after a period of conflict.

Important points of the Treaty of Tapihue:

Mutual recognition: The treaty established mutual respect between the two parties, with official recognition of the territories and rights of the Mapuche.
Peace and stability: By signing this treaty, both sides ended decades of conflict, thereby promoting peace and stability in the region.
Trade and commerce: The Treaty paved the way for trade and cultural exchanges, benefiting both communities and strengthening economic ties.
The Treaty has laid the foundations for continued dialogue and future cooperation, showing that peaceful agreements are possible even after periods of tension.
The Treaties of Tapihue and Quillén are valuable examples of the possibility of reaching peaceful and respectful agreements between different cultures. They reiterate the importance of dialogue, mutual respect and cooperation in building a harmonious future.

These two treaties are at the very origin of the Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia and its Constitution as written by Orélie-Antoine I and the Mapuche Parliament

Mapuche Diplomacy at the Bicentennial of the Treaty of Tapihue (1825)

A reference work by Dr Carlos Contreras Painemal

The history of relations between the Mapuche people, the Spanish Crown and the Republic of Chile was built through numerous diplomatic parliaments and peace treaties, which today constitute a historical heritage of major importance for the history of Araucania and Wallmapu. Among these agreements, the Treaty of Tapihue, signed on 7 January 1825, remains one of the most studied texts for understanding political, diplomatic and territorial relations between the Chilean authorities and the Mapuche authorities at the beginning of the republican period.

On the occasion of the bicentenary of the Treaty of Tapihue, Dr. Carlos Contreras Painemal, an anthropologist, researcher and specialist in Mapuche diplomatic history, published the book La Diplomacia Mapuche en el Bicentenario del Tratado de Tapihue from 1825. This work is part of a scientific approach based on the analysis of historical archives, documentary sources and Mapuche diplomatic traditions.

The author traces the political context that led to the signing of the treaty, analyses the role of the koyang (Mapuche parliaments), the mechanisms for negotiations between the various authorities and the legal, diplomatic and historical scope of this agreement. The book also puts into perspective the evolution of relations between the Mapuche nation and the Chilean state in the nineteenth century through the study of the original texts and their historiographical interpretation.

Thanks to its rich documentation and rigorous analysis, this book is an important contribution to the study of Mapuche diplomacy, the history of the Hispano-Mapuche and Chilean-Mapuche treaties, and the evolution of relations between indigenous peoples and South American states. It is a valuable resource for historians, lawyers, researchers, students and anyone wishing to deepen their knowledge of the Tapihue Treaty and the political history of Wallmapu.

The Royal House of Araucania and Patagonia is honoured to present this book with the kind permission of its author, Dr. Carlos Contreras Painemal, and is involved in the dissemination of academic work that contributes to a better knowledge of the history of treaties, diplomacy and the historical heritage of Araucania and Patagonia.

A Treatise of Tapihue (1825): the book by Dr Carlos Contreras Painemal